Te Hanganga o te Pounamu Wai Whakamaroke

"Ka pupuri ā mātou pounamu wai kowiri tira i ngā wai mahana, i ngā wai matao hoki kia mātao" Koinei tonu te kōrero ka taea e koe te ako mai i ngā kaiwhakarato me ngā kaihanga pounamu wai, i runga i te auahatanga o ngā pounamu kua whakamahanatia. Engari me pēhea? Ko te whakautu: ngā pūkenga tākai pahuka, horoi korehau rānei. Heoi anō, he nui ake ngā mahi a ngā pounamu wai kowiri tira i te mea kia makona te kanohi. Ko tētahi ipu taumaha he ipu kei roto i te ipu. He aha te take? He pahuka, he horoi korehau rānei kei waenganui i ngā ipu e rua. Ka pupuri ngā ipu kī tonu i te pahuka i te mātao o ngā wai matao, ko ngā pounamu kua kapi korehau ka pupuri i te mahana o ngā wai wera. Mai i te tīmatanga o te rautau 1900, kua whakamahia, kua kitea hoki tēnei tikanga he tino whai hua, ā, nō reira kua rongonui haere i waenga i te hunga e hiahia ana ki te inu i a rātou e haereere ana. Ko te hunga haereere, ko te hunga tākaro, ko te hunga hikoi, ko te hunga e pārekareka ana ki te wai mahana, ki te wai matao rānei, e pai ana ki tētahi, ā, ko ētahi pounamu tamariki he mea whakamahana anō hoki.

Papamuri

Nā ngā Ihipiana i hanga ngā pounamu rongonui tuatahi, i waiho ki roto i te karāhe i hangaia i te tau 1500 BC. Ko te tikanga hanga pounamu he whakatakoto i te karāhe rewa ki te pūtake o te uku me te onepu kia mātao rawa te karāhe, kātahi ka keria te pūtake. He roa te wā, ā, i whakaarohia he mea papai i taua wā. I whakangawaritia te tukanga i muri mai i Haina me Pāhia mā te tikanga i pupuhihia te karāhe rewa ki roto i te pokepoke. I muri mai ka whakamahia tēnei e ngā Rōmana, ā, i horapa puta noa i Ūropi i ngā tau waenga o te ora.

I āwhina te aunoatanga i te tere o te hanga ipu i te tau 1865 mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu pēhi me te pupuhi. Heoi anō, i puta mai ngā taputapu aunoa tuatahi mō te hanga pounamu i te tau 1903 i te wā i whakamahia ai e Michael J. Owens ngā taputapu ki te whakamahi pakihi mō te whakaputa me te hanga pounamu. Nā tēnei i tino hurihia te umanga hanga pounamu mā te huri hei hanga iti te utu me te rahi, e whakatairanga ana hoki i te tipu o te rāngai inu waro. I te tau 1920, nā ngā mīhini a Owens, nā ētahi atu momo rānei i hanga te nuinga o ngā ipu karāhe. Tae noa ki te tīmatanga o te tekau tau atu i 1940, i hangaia ngā pounamu kirihou me ngā mīhini pupuhi-whakakikorua e whakamahana ana i ngā pire iti o te kirihou, kātahi ka tukuna kaha ki roto i te pokepoke o tētahi hua. Kātahi ka tangohia te pokepoke i muri i te whakamatao. He mea hanga mai i te polyethylene, ko ngā pounamu kirihou tuatahi i hangaia e Nat Wyeth, he pakari, he pakari hoki hei whakauru i ngā inu waro.

I herea e ia tētahi ipu ki roto i tētahi atu, kātahi ka pupuhihia te hau i roto, ā, i hangaia ai tana pounamu haumaru. Kāore i tukuna he mana pateni tae noa ki te whakatūnga a te kaihanga karāhe Tiamana a Reinhold Hamburger rāua ko Albert Aschenbrenner, i mahi i mua mā Dewar, i tētahi kamupene hei hanga i te ipu haumaru e kiia nei ko Thermos, ko te tikanga "threm" i te reo Kariki, ko te mahana.

I tēnei wā kua whakapaipaihia, ā, kua whānuitia te whānuitanga o ngā mahi hanga me te hangarau karetao. Ka taea e ngā kaihoko te whakarite i ngā pounamu e hiahiatia ana e rātou, tae, rahi, hoahoa waitohu me ngā tauira, tae atu ki te whare hanga. Ka whiriwhiri pea te iwi o Āhia i te wai wera nā te mea e whakaarohia ana he tikanga hauora tēnei, ko te iwi o te Hauāuru ia e pai ana ki ngā inu matao, ā, koia te mea pai rawa atu mō te pounamu wai kua tiakina ki te kowiri tira.

Ngā Rauemi Mata

Ko te kirihou, ko te maitai kore waikura rānei te rauemi mata mō te hanga i ngā pounamu ārai. He hua anō hoki ēnei mō ngā kapu o roto, o waho hoki. I roto i te tukanga hanga, he hototahi ēnei, ā, he pai hoki te taputapu. Ko te pahuka te mea e whakamahia ana i te nuinga o te wā mō te hanga i ngā pounamu ārai mō ngā inu matao.

Te tukanga whakapūtanga werohanga o ngā kapu kirihou

Te Tukanga Whakaputa

Te pahuka

1. Ina tukuna ki te wheketere, ā, ka taea e ēnei pōro te tauhohe ki te whakaputa wera, ko te pahuka he rite tonu ki ngā pōro matū.

2. Whakamahanahia mārire te ranunga wai ki te 75-80°F.

3. Taria kia mātao haere te ranunga, kātahi ka puta he pahuka wai.

Te pounamu.

4. Kua oti te hanga o te kapu o waho. Kua oti te tukanga e kiia nei ko te pupuhi hangahanga mēnā he kirihou. Nō reira, ka whakamahanahia ngā pirepire kirihou, kātahi ka pupuhihia ki roto i tētahi pokepokea ai, ā, ka puta he harore o tētahi āhua. He rite tonu tēnei ki te kapu kowiri tira.5. I roto i te tukanga o te raina huihuinga, ka pai te whakauru i ngā arai o roto, o waho hoki. Ka whakanohoia he tātari karāhe, he tātari maitai kore waikura rānei ki roto, ā, muri iho ka tāpirihia te whakamahana, he pahuka, he korehau rānei.
6. Te Whakatautau. Ka hangaia he pūnaha kotahi mā te paninga hiri silicone ka rehuhia ki runga i ngā kapu.

7. Whakapaitia ngā pounamu. Ka peitahia ngā pounamu wai kowiri tira. I roto iIpu Inu Jupeng, kei a mātou te whare hanga mō te hanga pounamu me te raina whakaoti rehu aunoa e whakapūmau ana i te kounga me te mahi o te hanga nui.

Te Runga.

He mea hanga anō hoki ngā taupoki o ngā pounamu wai he mea whakarewa ki te pupuhi. He mea nui te tikanga o ngā taupoki mō te kounga o ngā pounamu katoa.

Ipu Inu Jupenge whakamahi ana i ngā pūkenga hanga auaha rerekē mai i te raina rehu aunoa ki te hoahoa ā-ringa o ngā pounamu. Kei te mahi tahi anō hoki mātou me Starbucks, me te whakamana a te FDA me te FGB, e tumanako ana ki te mahi tahi me koe. Waea mai ki konei.

"Ka noho wera tonu ngā wai wera i roto i ā mātou pounamu wai kowiri tira, ka noho makariri hoki ngā wai makariri" Koinei tonu te kīwaha ka rangona e koe mai i ngā kaiwhakarato me ngā kaihanga pounamu wai, mai i te hanganga o ngā pounamu whakamahana. Ko te pounamu taumaha he pounamu kei roto i te pounamu. Ka noho makariri ngā wai makariri i roto i ngā ipu kua whakakiia ki te pahuka, ko ngā pounamu kua whakakīia ki te korehau ka noho wera tonu ngā wai wera. I puta te mīhini aunoa tuatahi mō te hanga pounamu i te tau 1903 i te wā i whakamahia ai e Michael J. Owens te mīhini hei whakamahi arumoni mō te hanga me te hanga pounamu. I hiritia e ia tētahi pounamu ki roto i tētahi atu, kātahi ka pupuhihia te hau i roto i taua pounamu hei hanga i tana pounamu whakamahana.